Formulary Chapter 3: Respiratory system - Full Chapter
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Notes: |
Inhalers should always be prescribed by their BRAND name.
The patient's ability to use a device should be assessed by a competent healthcare professional and re-assessed as part of structured clinical review. If the patient is unable to use a device satisfactorily, an alternative should be found.
RightBreathe is a free app/website designed to help clinicians and patients use inhaled therapy and devices appropriately https://www.rightbreathe.com/. Asthma.org has patient-friendly videos of inhaler technique here.
In children aged 0-5 years, pMDI and spacer are the preferred delivery method for β2 agonists or inhaled steroids. A face mask is required until the child can breathe reproducibly using the spacer mouthpiece.
Self-care
Many of the products in this chapter are available for purchase over-the-counter, and patients are encouraged to self-care, with the support of their community pharmacist, in the first instance. For further information on self-care & the NHS, please refer to https://www.england.nhs.uk/medicines/conditions-for-which-over-the-counter-items-should-not-routinely-be-prescribed/
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Chapter Links... |
NICE CG101: COPD guideline |
NICE TA10: Asthma inhaler devices (children under 5) |
NICE TA38: Asthma inhaler devices (older children) |
Details... |
03.04.03 |
Allergic emergencies |
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03.04.03 |
Anaphylaxis |
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Adrenaline / epinephrine
(EpiPen® Jext® )
(for IM self administration)
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Formulary

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Epipen® brand (150 microgram and 300microgram devices) is considered the first line Adrenaline Auto Injector (AAI) across BSW.
Jext® brand (150 microgram and 300microgram devices) may also be used across BSW if supply issues necessitate.
Emerade ® brand (150microgram, 300microgram and 500microgram devices) were previously included on the formulary but NOT currently available. See further information below.
Injection technique is device specific. To ensure patients receivethe AAI that they have been trained to use, prescribers should prescribe by brand. Resources to support initial training, or when switching device:
Epipen demo video; Epipen prescriber checklist; Jext demo video;
Additional notes:
All healthcare professionals in primary, secondary or specialist healthcare services who prescribe, supply or administer AAIs, or who advise patients and carers should ensure that:
- When patients next request a prescription, they are reviewed to ensure their AAI prescription is still appropriate.
- Prescribers issue no more than TWO AAIs per patient (exceptions suggested to this in a 2019 DHSC supply disruption alert are ▪ where schools require separate AAI(s) to be kept on the school premises (e.g. in a medical room) in which case prescribers may need to consider issuing more than two but no more than four AAIs per child; ▪ for the rare scenario where patients might need more than two AAIs prescribed (for example, prior severe reaction resistant to treatment with adrenaline), the prescriber may issue additional AAIs).
- Patients are aware to not expose any brand of AAI to temperatures above 25°C. Storage above 25°C may increase the likelihood of a fault occurring with AAIs.
- Patients use their device(s) as instructed until the expiry date/extended expiry date. N.B. a device expiring in ‘March 2020’ does not expire until 31 March 2020.
- Patients are aware of the signs of anaphylaxis and the actions they should immediately take.
June 2020 -AAIs Supply Issues.
Emerade® 150, 300 and 500 microgram AAI devices will be
unavailable for the foreseeable future. Patient and/or carers
should return Emerade AAIs to their local pharmacy once they have
obtained a prescription for, and been supplied with, an alternative brand.
While Emerade® remains unavailable, alternative devices should be considered
- Emerade® is the only AAI available in 500microgram formulation but The MHRA note that there is evidence to suggest that a single EpiPen® (300 microgram) or Jext® (300 microgram) device will be a suitable replacement for a single Emerade® 500 microgram device.
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MAY 2020 - Class 2 Medicines Recall: Emerade 500 micrograms solution for injection in pre-filled syringe NOTE THIS IS IN ADDITION TO ALERTS ISSUED IN MARCH AND APRIL 2020
October 2019 - Adrenaline auto-injectors: MHRA Summary of recent action taken to support safety
Resuscitation Council anaphylaxis guidelines
MHRA Patient Info Leaflet - Adrenaline auto-injectors and advice on use
NICE CG134: Anaphylaxis: Assessment and referral after emergency treatment
Epipen - Risk minimisation education materials
Jext - Risk minimisation education materials
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Adrenaline / Epinephrine
(Adrenaline 1 in 1000)
(Injection ampoules)
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Formulary

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Adrenaline / Epinephrine
(Adrenaline 1 in 1000)
(Injection minijet)
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Formulary
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 - GWH
- Non-formulary - RUH
- Non-formulary - SFT
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Adrenaline / epinephrine 1 in 10,000
(Injection)
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Formulary

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- 1 in 10, 000 ampoules and minijet.
- Slow IV inj reserved for severely ill patients where there is doubt about adequacy of the circulation and absorption from the IM site with ECG monitoring.
- Ensure that the correct strength of adrenaline injection is used.
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03.04.03 |
Angioedema |
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C1 esterase inhibitor
(Cinryze® /Berinert®)
(Injection)
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Restricted



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NHSE policy 2013: Clinical Commissioning Policy: Treatment of Acute Attacks in Hereditary Angiodema (Adult)
NHSE policy July 2016: Clinical Commissioning Policy: Plasma-derived C1-esterase inhibitor for prophylactic treatment of hereditary angioedema (HAE) types I and II
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Icatibant
(Firazyr®)
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Restricted



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Injection 10mg/ml - 3ml pre-filled syringe
- Non Formulary RUH
- Available from SFT
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Commissioned by NHS England for Hereditary Angioedema and Acquired Angioedema for acute treatment or short-term prophylaxis prior to planned procedures. See NHS England Policy: B09/P/b.
May only be initiated by (or on advice of) Specialist Centres where:
- C1inh is unsuitable due to adverse effects or administration difficulties the specialist clinician determines that Icatibant is the most suitable or cost-effective preparation for the patient
Drug costs for emergency use in other hospitals will be reimbursed through the Specialist Centre
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Non Formulary Items |
Conestat Alfa
(Ruconest®)

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Non Formulary
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Key |
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Cytotoxic Drug
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Controlled Drug
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High Cost Medicine
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Cancer Drugs Fund
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NHS England |
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Homecare |
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CCG |
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High Cost Drug Approval System |
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Traffic Light Status Information
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